Abstract- End stage renal disease (ESRD) is the complete or almost complete failure of the kidneys to function at a level that is necessary for day to day life. In ESRD, renal failure has progressed to the point where kidney function is less than ten percent of normal. End stage renal disease is increasing worldwide at an annual growth rate of 8% and millions of people around the world suffer from this disease. A Descriptive Correlational Design is used through the present study in order to : assess patients' self-care and self-efficacy after end stage renal disease undergoing hemodialysis, determine the association between patients' self-care and self-efficacy, and find out the relationship between the patients' self-care and self-efficacy and their demographic and clinical data. The period of the study is from 20th September 2016 to 28th August 2017. A Non-Probability (Purposive Sample) of (120) end stage renal disease patients who had already been on hemodialysis, are included in the study. The data were collected through the utilization of the developed questionnaire using an interview technique after the estimation of the validity and reliability of the study instrument. Reliability of the questionnaire is determined by using the Alpha Cronbach’s technique, and the validity through (15) experts from different specialties (Face Validity) for reviewing the study instrument. The data was analyzed through using of the descriptive and inferential statistical analysis approaches. The findings of the present study indicate that the overall assessment of patients' responses to universal self-care domain items is independent, while the overall assessment of patients' responses to self-efficacy domain items is fair. Furthermore, there is a high significant correlation between (patient's universal self-care domain) and (patient's self-efficacy domain).The study concludes that the level of self-care and self-efficacy of the end stage renal disease patients undergoing hemodialysis is less than ideal and there is a direct effect of patients' universal self-care on their self-efficacy. The study recommends that further studies should be carried out to improve and explore effective methods to improve hemodialysis patients’ self-care and self-efficacy. In addition, enhancing of self-care and self-efficacy through programs that include elements of training, support, encouragement, positive personal experiences, and modeling. Such programs may have long-term benefits for individuals with CKD.
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